A variety of parasites can live in humans.They can be not only multicellular and protozoa, but also viruses, bacteria and fungi.They parasitize at the expense of the human body.Harmful microorganisms can live not only in the intestine but also in the muscles, blood, etc.The fight against parasites should start as early as possible.Otherwise, the complications cannot be avoided.
Types of parasites
There are many parasitic organisms that feel great in the human body.They all have characteristic characteristics.
Roundworms
Roundworms or nematodes include about 1000 subspecies in their group.The most famous representatives are Pinworm, Trichinella, Toxocara, Box, Necator and Ascaris.They enter the body through the mouth or skin.The main representatives of roundworms are described in the table.
| Parasite | Description |
| Pinworms | This is a circular worm, the length of which does not exceed 2-12 mm.Females are usually bigger.These representatives parasitize the lower intestine and colon.Older women lay eggs in the perianal region.Most often, such representatives are found in children.The eggs fall on the patient's hands when scratching the anus, which itching in the presence of such parasites.Itching is one of the first symptoms. |
| Trichinella | Trichinella belongs to nematodes.Pests enter the body along with poorly processed meat.Once they enter the body, complete intoxication begins.In advanced cases, parasites can cause death in humans. |
| Toxocars | This parasite often lives in the body of animals, including livestock.Young children are highly susceptible to toxocariosis.The parasite is multiplied extremely quickly, so treatment should be started immediately. |
| Boxes | It is estimated that every 4 people on the planet are carriers of this parasite.An adult can live in the host body for 8 years.With proper and timely treatment, 95% of 100 patients can be cured by ankylostomas.The parasite enters the body with contaminated soil. |
| Shorter | These representatives are small.Their length reaches 2 cm. The female pest lays up to 10 thousand eggs a day.Parasite larvae enter the external environment with the stool. |
| Roundworms | Round worms can grow up to 35 cm in length.First, the parasite develops in the small intestine and then spreads throughout the body.In order for people to become sexually mature, it is necessary to re -introduce the body. |
After roundworms penetrate the human body, the process of developing pathological symptoms begins.The intestinal walls become inflamed and therefore the functioning of the digestive system is impaired.Parasites in the body are a serious danger.They absorb some of the nutrients.
Tapeworm
Teven storms or cestodes present in the body lead to the appearance of cestodosis.Adults are found only in the intestine.Larvae can spread throughout the body.A person can be infected with the following tapeworm:
- Wide tape.This is the longest helminth in the world.It is able to grow up to 15-17 meters.The wide tapeworm causes significant harm to the human body.The ulcers are formed in the place of his attachment.
- Bull Tapeworm.This is another major parasite that has a negative effect on human health.Most often it is found in the small intestine.The infection occurs when feeding contaminated meat, which is poorly cooked.
- Pork tapeworm.The rugged storm can grow up to a few meters in length.Pests can be worn by wild and domestic pigs.
- Echinococcus.The eggs enter the environment along with faecal matter.The infection often occurs due to non -compliance with the rules of personal hygiene.
- Alveococcus.The parasite grows up to 2.2 mm in length.The infection occurs through food that is contaminated with infected stools.
The pathology is manifested mainly by disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.There is a disorder of nervous activity.A person's well -being is constantly deteriorating.
Flucker
Flukls are flat worms.These are some of the most dangerous representatives.Almost all Flukes parasitize the owner's body.Only at a certain stage of development do they change the owner.
Changing the host eliminates the possible overpopulation in the host's body.The most common Flukes representatives include:
- Siberian Fluk.The infection occurs when eating fish that has undergone insufficient heat treatment.It is in the human faecal question that contains the eggs of this pest.The parasite grows up to 13 mm in length.The body is almost completely transparent.
- Liver.A parasite that can infect both animals and humans.An adult grows to a maximum of 8 cm.The infection is possible by eating dirty plants on which Fluke has already settled in its intermediate form.There is also a risk of infection through the water.
- Schistosome.If left untreated, schistosome can cause sudden death of the patient.Only 6 varieties of this parasite are dangerous to humans.The microorganism can be located in the blood vessels, the bladder.The infection often occurs when swimming in fresh water.
- Clonorchis.People working at catering establishments are susceptible to infection.Clonorchis is most common in men over 35 years.They are at risk.The eggs of the parasite are separated into the stool.
Most often, parasites enter the body by eating raw or poorly prepared fish.Another common option is the presence of poorly washed vegetables and fruits in the diet.
Trematodes
This is one of the varieties of flat worms.Their main characteristic is the presence of suction glasses.Trematodes include:
- Opistorchoz.The source of infection is raw or poorly processed fish.The symptoms are nonspecific, therefore it is quite difficult to diagnose the disease.The result is most often unfavorable.
- Fasioolosis.When infected, the liver and biliary system is infected.A characteristic sign of human infection is a sharp increase in body temperature to 39-40 degrees.
- Dracoliosis.Helminthosis, the cause of which is lanceolate bulls.In the pathology, the liver and gallbladder are further damaged.
The parasite is common around the world and poses a serious danger to livestock and people.
Properly
The simplest parasites include unicellular pests.Some of the representatives are the oldest inhabitants on Earth.Parasites have successfully adapted to the new conditions and multiplied due to the simplest structure.Pests can live in both the skin and directly in the human body.
The movement of unicellular can be done with the help of eyelashes, glands and fake bones.The types of such parasites include:
- Flagel.They have an oval or pear body.The main difference is the presence of a flag.Their number can be 1-8.The parasite sucks food with the entire surface of the body.The infection can occur during insect bites, violation of personal hygiene rules, and accidental sex.
- Sporovikov.They are able to live in different human organs.Nutrition, breathing, liberation of life products is carried out from the entire surface of the pest body.
- Indifferent.These are ciliary or sucking parasites.They live in fresh waters, soil.
- Sarkov.The parasite consists of one cell.Some sarcoid varieties are able to live in human teeth if hygiene is insufficient.
Unicellular can lead to a number of dangerous diseases, including malaria, amoebiasis, lambliosis and more.The infection is possible in everyday life in contact, faecal-oral, through infected products as well as to a transmission method.
Protosis - infections caused in people with the activity of the microorganisms of protozoa.Animals are also prone to pathologies.The pathologies they cause also include fungal infections.
In most cases, protozol organisms come to a person from an animal.Also, their impact is possible through water, soil and from person to person.
Ectoparasites
Eti -Parasites are parasites that live on the surface of the body and on the external organs.They can be a provocateur of skin diseases.In addition, ectoparasites tolerate various infections.
The group of ectoparasites includes:
- Lice.This is a parasite suffering from blood.The oral organ easily breaks the skin of a person.If necessary, lice can withstand hunger for a few days.The knots can also be the head.The knots are a serious danger as they can be carriers of infectious diseases.
- Block.These are temporary ectoparasites.They are transmitted by people to animals and vice versa.They cause severe bite discomfort.
- Ixodid ticks.Unlike other ectoparasites, ticks are easy to get rid of.To do this, use vegetable oil or paraffin.The main thing is to take the extracted tick for research.This will help to ensure that it is not a carrier of infection.
Most often, ectoparasites infect animals, but human infection is also possible, such as ticks or lice.Pests feed on blood.They have a high degree of reproduction.
Helminth
Experts are currently identifying 280 species of worms.They are all capable of living and developing in the human body.It is a mistake to believe that helminthiasis occurs only in people from dysfunctional families.Worms can occur even in wealthy people who closely monitor their hygiene.
Helminths can be infected in different ways.Parasites can be transmitted from animals, person to humans, and also through contact with contaminated soil.Most often, worms appear in children.This is due to non -compliance with preventive measures.
The first symptoms may not appear immediately.They can appear after 2-3 days or several weeks.It all depends directly on what kind of parasites they have entered the body.Helminthiasis can be both acute and chronic.
Parasite classification
All parasites are divided into species.There are large groups for:
- infection method;
- Location method;
- Biological characteristics.
Each group has its own characteristics.
By type of localization
There are temporary, stationary and transit forms of localization.In the first case, the parasite lives in the body of the owner only at a certain stage of development.In the stationary form, pests are constantly present in the human body.The transient form is the period of migration of the parasite to its habitat.
When healing, doctors always take into account not only the shape of the parasite, but also its place of residence.The pests in total are divided into 2 main categories.The parasites that live on the skin are classified as ectoparasites.The pests that have settled inside the owner are classified as endoparasites.
Internal parasites, in turn, are divided into 2 categories - tissue parasites and parasites of the cavity.There are also atypical forms.In this case, the pests are located in places unusual for them.
External parasites can be temporary or permanent.Those who feed on blood through bites are temporary.They can cause infections.Other parasites impair the integrity of the skin.
Intracellular pests are also found.These include, for example, malaria plasmodium.
By a method of infection
Parasites can also be classified according to the infection method.The following penetration methods are distinguished:
- Contact and household.In this case, the parasites penetrate as a result of disorders of sanitary and hygienic standards.
- Fecal-oral.In this case, the infection is carried out through dirty hands as well as poor quality products.
- Trails for transmission.The infection occurs through blood sucking insects.
- Active paths.This is the name of the infection method in which the parasites reach the owner at the stage of the larvae.
Thanks to the large number of ways to enter, you can become infected with parasites everywhere.Only preventative measures allow to reduce the risk of infection.
According to biological characteristics
According to their biological characteristics, the parasites are divided into two categories - unicellular and multicellular.The first group includes sporosons, cilias, flageltes and histological amoebas.The main method of infection is to ignore the rules of personal hygiene.
Multicellular parasites usually include worms, insects and arachnides.The risk of infection, such as helminths, is that worms damage the tissues and internal organs.
The most common multicellular parasites are worms.
Multicellular parasites are more dangerous.They are characterized by a quick reproduction and a complex life cycle.
Where there may be parasites
Some parasites can live in certain parts of the body, while others can spread throughout the body.It is quite difficult to diagnose parasite infection.
The round worms live mainly in the digestive tract.The infection occurs on unwashed foods.
Parasites can be under a person's skin.Such representatives include kicks.The pest pest enters the body when using raw water.Tourists who go on vacation in countries where Ristan is common is often infected.
The internal organs affect trematodes.They can live in the liver, pancreas, intestines, biliary tract.The main source of infection is the use of raw fish.
There are also tissue microorganisms.They can live in the spinal cord, muscles and connective tissues.The main source of infection is pets.
There are also eye parasites.They can be round, flat, anelide, prickly.The main source of infection is the poor processing of fish or contact with infected animals.
The danger of parasite infection for people
All parasitic infections require emergency treatment.The more treatment is started, the faster it will be possible to deal with pests and less complications will occur.
Parasites in the human body can lead to serious pathologies:
- Some pests lead to the development of acute colitis.The condition is significantly aggravated if the patient has an ulcer.In bowel movements, there may be blood, which is dangerous to develop anemia.Treatment should start as soon as possible.
- Parasites can precipitate in the brain or liver.This condition can be dangerous not only to health but also to the patient's life.When infected, there is a risk of cyst development.
- Pests living in the intestine can disrupt its intent.In addition, there is a risk of obstacle.
- Parasites cause a significant blow to the human immune system.The destruction of leukocytes and red blood cells occurs.This almost instantly affects the general well -being of a person.
- Pests take nutrients from the human body.The risk of developing thyroid disease, anemia increases.In addition, the condition of the hair and nails worsens.
- The body is poisoned by toxic components.Parasit Vital Products are poison for humans.The more there is, the more the health of the person is.The risk of developing allergies, asthma, as well as suffocation attacks increases.
Parasites are particularly dangerous for children.The infection becomes a large number of unpleasant symptoms.In the child, appetite is lost, body weight, apathy and fatigue appear.The child can often cry and become restless.Visible dark circles appear under the eyes.
The baby is in a growth stage, so it is important for him to get enough nutrients.If there are parasites in the body, it is impossible.The baby's condition quickly worsens every day.The child may be very delayed in development.
The danger of parasites is that they can live in a person for months and years without presenting themselves.During this time, it will weaken significantly and face a lack of nutrients.Possible complete exhaustion.Only timely treatment helps prevent this.
Factors contributing to infection
Often people themselves are guilty of the appearance of worms.There are a number of factors that increase the likelihood of pests.These include:
- refusing to wash hands before eating food;
- Introducing infections along with dirty shoes;
- ignoring signs of worms in pets;
- drinking raw water;
- eating unwashed fruits and vegetables;
- Poor heat treatment of meat and fish;
- Frequent eating outside;
- Weakened immunity after taking powerful drugs.
First, parasitic eggs enter the intestine.They are then absorbed into the blood and the larvae spread throughout the body.
Parasites are spread most in large groups of children.This is due to ignoring the rules of hygiene and too close contacts.
Symptoms of parasites in the human body
It is important to know that sometimes parasites do not show at all for a long period of time.Symptoms are often common and the first time is almost invisible.
The first symptoms of parasites in the body are rapid and hassle -free weight loss, as well as the appearance of itching of sensation in the anus.You can only make sure that parasitic infections are due to the diagnosis.Symptoms of infection often include various disorders of the nervous system and general weakness in the body.
A person who has parasites suffers from a lack of vitamins.This contributes to the onset of fatigue, severe drowsiness and constant apathy.
If the pests live in the intestine, then the appearance of problems with the digestive system is inevitable.Diarrhea can be alternated with constipation.There is a risk of increased gas formation and a painful sensation in proper hypochondrium.
In the presence of parasites in humans, the body's protective functions are reduced.Due to poor immunity, there is a risk of various infectious diseases.
One of the most bright signs of parasites is the spontaneous appearance of signs of allergies.In addition, allergic rhinitis or impenetrable dry cough can start to worry.
Helminthiasis diagnostics
Only after the diagnosis and confirmation of the presence of worms can they be treated.To check in the presence of parasites, doctors use different diagnostic methods:
- Macroscopic.He is accepted by the patient's stools for analysis.A microscope or magnifier is used as additional equipment.This method is used to search for Pinworms or Ascaris.
- Microscopic.For this purpose, a dense smear is taken, which is further examined on a special membrane.
- Immunological.In this case, antibodies seek antibodies to one type of helminth.This method is used to search for a huge number of different parasites.
- Biopsy.The presence of worms is determined by the examination of muscle tissue.
- Instrumental.Such methods are used to determine how internal organs and tissues are damaged by parasites.These methods include ultrasound, X -ray, computed tomography.
Treatment of parasite infection
To remove parasites, you can give preference to both medicinal methods and folk methods.It is best to combine them.In this case, the effectiveness of therapy will be the most pronounced and faster.
Treatment is chosen individually.The most effective therapy is chosen by a doctor, taking into account all the characteristics that are present in a particular patient.
Folk remedies for parasites in the human body
Folk methods of treatment are no less effective than drugs.Their main advantage is complete safety for the patient.
One of the best medicines is garlic juice.Contains phytonides.It is they who destroy the pests in the body.The juice is taken three times a day.Start with 5 drops a day.The dose gradually increases.
Another effective drug is the tincture of wormwood.Like garlic, it contains volatiles.To prepare the medicine, 1 tablespoon of wormwood is mixed with 100 ml of alcohol.The drug is infused for a week in a dark place.Take 20 drops 3 times a day.The tincture is used 20 minutes before meals.
It is useful to include many carrots in your diet and drink your juice.It has a detrimental effect on parasites.It is recommended that you take 1 cup of fresh carrot juice 30 minutes before meals.
Herbal decoctions have a wonderful effect on the body.To prepare a parasite medicine, mix 1 tbsp.Tancy, Pelin, Aspen Bark.Pour all the components into a glass of water and bring to a boil.Take after cooling.Drink the decoction 3 times a day, 125 ml before meals.
The main disadvantage of traditional therapy is that some drugs can cause an allergic reaction if it is intolerant to specific components.In this case, you will need to review your therapy and find a decoction or tincture that does not include allergens in its composition.
There is also an opinion that it is enough to review your diet to combat a small number of parasites.You must include in the menu:
- Pumpkin seeds;
- raw fruits and vegetables;
- coconut and pineapple;
- Chile;
- garlic;
- Various vegetable oils.
All listed products have a negative effect on the activity of parasites.
Treatment of drugs of parasites
Drug treatment is more effective.The main thing is to take all medicines under consideration.It is important to know that they are powerful, so their use is only possible after consultation with a doctor.
Susicide with worms is strictly forbidden.There is a risk that the patient will only impair his or her own well -being, using not the medicines required in a certain case.
Prevention of Guardian in the human body
It is easier to prevent parasitic microorganisms than to fight them in the future.Everyone should adhere to existing security measures.This is recommended for this:
- Use only purified water to wash and drink;
- Do not use other people's hygiene elements;
- Give medicines for parasites to animals for prevention;
- abandon the use of dirty fruits and vegetables;
- Refuse the use of raw fish.
Diagnosis is periodically required to ensure that there are no harmful microorganisms.In compliance with prevention measures, the risk of infection is minimal.It is especially important to ensure that children adhere to the recommendations.They are in the main risk group.